Proxy variables Remember (again) we are not going to have experimental data!
{"Image DocumentName": "Proxy variablesRemember (again) we are not going to have experimental data!", "Image ImageDescription": "The variables we have might be the actual causal variables influencing this criterion, or (more likely) they might only be correlates of those causal variables \u2013 proxy variables. Many of the subject variables that are very common in multivariate modeling are of this ilk\u2026 is it really sex, ethnicity , age that are driving the criterion \u2013 or is it all the differences in the experiences, opportunities, or other correlates of these variables? is it really the number of practices or the things that, in turn, produced the number of practices that were chosen? Again, replication and convergence (trying alternative measure of the involved constructs) can help decide if our predictors are representing what we think the do!!", "Image XResolution": "37", "Image YResolution": "37", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Centimeter", "Image Software": "SlidePlayer", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered"}