Coercion in Family Planning: past and present examples  Enforced policies limiting the number of births (e.g.
{"Image DocumentName": "Coercion in Family Planning: past and present examples", "Image ImageDescription": "Enforced policies limiting the number of births (e.g. China but more recently contemplated in Africa) Involuntary Contraceptive Use (e.g. China, India/Emergency, Peru, US often targeted at poor and marginalized) Excessive Social Pressure (e.g. China, Indonesia, but potentially Rwanda and Ethiopia - fine line between efforts to change social norms and coercion) Targets and Performance Management Indicators linked to numbers of acceptors (e.g. China, Indonesia, Rwanda, Performance-based Financing focused on numbers) Incentives and disincentives (e.g. Bangladesh, India, payments to providers) Some of the issues that have drawn criticism towards family planning programs include. Policies limiting the number of births. Involuntary contraceptive use. Excessive social pressure. Targets and Indicators linked to numbers of acceptors. Incentives and disincentives for use. The first two issues are human rights violations, while the final three red flags that show that voluntary FP use may be at risk. Coercion and human rights violations harm people and cause lasting damage to programs and methods. Hardee et al, 2014 (cite Perspectives article)", "Image XResolution": "37", "Image YResolution": "37", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Centimeter", "Image Software": "SlidePlayer", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered"}