The Phrase-structure Rules S NP + VP VP Verb + NP NP NP ( single ) NP ( plural ) NP (s ) D + N NP (p) D + N + s D the N { man, ball, door, dog, book,...} Verb Aux + V V { hit, take, bite, eat, walk, open, … } Tense present/past M { will, can, may, shall, must, … } 3 sets of rules: --- phrase structure rules --- transformational rules --- phonological rules
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