Criticisms/Alternatives to Kohlberg
{"Image DocumentName": "Criticisms/Alternatives to Kohlberg", "Image ImageDescription": "Some cultural differences not reflected in this theory. Although moral reasoning and moral behavior are often related, moral reasoning is not a necessary component for moral behavior. Instead, morality in children is rooted in moral emotions. Empathy, sympathy, guilt, shame, and embarrassment. How children select between fulfilling one\u2019s own desires and meeting the needs of another person is predictive of moral behavior. Parents\u2019 behaviors influence the development of moral emotions. Cultural differences: Some non-Western cultures value conventional morality over the individualistic quality of post-conventional reasoning. The Heinz dilemma pits a rule against one\u2019s own sense of right and wrong. In contrast, the emotion approach presents a conflict between fulfilling one\u2019s own desires and meeting the need of another person. In other words, the moral emotion approach can be contrasted with selecting between rules and one\u2019s own sense of morality, as in the Heinz dilemma. For example, (1) going to the beach or helping a friend study, (2) hoarding food after a flood or sharing with others, and (3) getting an injured child\u2019s parents or going to a party. The developmental progression when given the moral emotion problems is Preschoolers: self. Grade schoolers: more others oriented, but because of what others think. Late adolescence: increase in feelings of guilt and sympathy and an increase in perspective-taking leads to more social responsibility. Parents of sympathetic children are high in sympathy themselves, allow them to express negative emotions that are not harmful to others, help their children cope with negative emotions, and promote an understanding of others. Also, it has been shown that the development of moral emotions is enhanced when parents reasoned about behaviors, commented on emotions and intentions, and made evaluative comments about behaviors.", "Image XResolution": "37", "Image YResolution": "37", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Centimeter", "Image Software": "SlidePlayer", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered"}