Chemical phenomena versus chemical reactions:
{"Image DocumentName": "Chemical phenomena versus chemical reactions:", "Image ImageDescription": "Do students make the connection? Abstract. A study was conducted to examine whether tenth-grade high school students as well as first-year university chemistry students can make the connection between chemical reactions and chemical phenomena. Nineteen physical and chemical phenomena were used and the students were asked at one stage to distinguish physical from chemical phenomena, and at another stage to state in which cases one or more reactions occur. Students can be categorized into two distinct groups. One group includes those who do not always identify chemical phenomena with reaction(s), while the other group includes those who are successful in that distinction. Further, the students in the first group can be divided into two subgroups: (a) those who perform better in identifying the chemical phenomena and (b) those who perform better in identifying the reactions. A differentiation of chemical changes into natural and man-caused processes seems to be operating, at least with Greek students. Students may be intuitively viewing chemical reactions as fairly simple processes, which can be expressed by means of chemical equations. Finally, it might be preferable to group changes of physical state and phase, and solutions, in a separated category.", "Image XResolution": "37", "Image YResolution": "37", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Centimeter", "Image Software": "SlidePlayer", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered"}