CAES, PHS, large capacity batteries Flywheel, SMES, small capacity batteries Regulation-Up Discharge Increase Regulation-Down Charge Decrease Conventional generator Regulation-Up Discharge Increase Regulation-Down Discharge Decrease 4-Quadrant 2-Quadrant 16 Storage classification – by operational modes SET POINT, CHARGING SET POINT, DISCHARGING REGULATION UP REGULATION DOWN Increase discharging Decrease charging Increase charging Decrease discharging Short-term storage has little energy arbitrage potential; therefore no reason to be charging while providing RU or discharging while providing RD.
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