Common issues for demonstrating compliance with biodiversity performance standards in Africa: Lack of suitable baseline data and the need for seasonal data often means that 1-2 years of baseline data gathering for ESIA; Critical habitat issues are often triggered by support infrastructure associated with roads, access and water supplies rather than the direct impact of mining; Secondary biodiversity impacts are often associated with increasing access to remote areas and therefor increasing hunting pressure from non mine related personnel; Biodiversity offsets are often needed to address residual impacts but lack of governance or management resources may limit the ability to contribute to the conservation estate in many jurisdictions.
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