The Failure of Conservative Modernization
{"Image DocumentName": "The Failure of Conservative Modernization", "Image ImageDescription": "1. the Chinese government tried to act against problems. a. policy of self-strengthening in 1860s and 1870s. b. application of traditional Confucian principles, along with very limited borrowing from the West. c. efforts to improve examination system. d. restoration of rural social and economic order. e. establishment of some modern arsenals and shipyards, some study of other languages and sciences. f. foundation of a few industrial factories 2. conservative leaders feared that development would harm the landlord class. 3. Boxer uprising (1900): militia organizations killed many Europeans and Chinese Christians, besieged foreign embassies in Beijing. a. Western powers and Japan occupied Beijing to crush the revolt. b. imposed massive reparation payments on China. 4. growing number of educated Chinese became disillusioned with the Qing dynasty. a. organizations to examine the situation and propose reforms. b. growing drive for a truly unified nation in which more people took part in public life. c. Chinese nationalism was against both foreign imperialists and the foreign Qing dynasty. 5. the government agreed to some reforms in the early twentieth century, but not enough\u2014the imperial order collapsed in 1911.", "Image XResolution": "37", "Image YResolution": "37", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Centimeter", "Image Software": "SlidePlayer", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered"}