Abdominal Hollowing/Abdominal Draw-in
{"Image DocumentName": "Abdominal Hollowing/Abdominal Draw-in", "Image ImageDescription": "Contemporary culprit of low back pain. Activity of TA contributes to spinal control (Cresswell 1992, Hodges 1999) Dysfunction of the muscle occurs in people with LBP (Hodges 1996, 1998, 2001) Activated by abdominal draw-in maneuver (Richardson 1999, Jull 1995, Hodges 1996, Urquhart 2005) Breath in and out. Gently and slowly draw in your lower abdomen below your navel without moving your upper stomach, back or pelvis (Urquhart 2005) ADM is the greatest most independent activity of TrA. Greater activation in lower and middle regions of TrA compared with upper region. Cresswell AG, Grundstrom H, Thorstensson A. Observations on intraabdominal pressure and patterns ofabdominal intra-muscular activity in man. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 1992;144(4): 409\u201318. Hodges PW, Richardson CA, Jull GA. Evaluation ofthe relationship between laboratory and clinical tests oftransversus abdominis function. Physiotherapy Research International 1996a;1(1): 30\u201340. Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Inefficient muscular stabilization ofthe lumbar spine associated with low back pain. A motor control evaluation oftransversus abdominis. Spine 1996b;21(22): 2640\u201350. Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Feedforward contraction of transversus abdominis is not influenced by the direction ofarm movement. Experimental Brain Research 1997;114(2):362\u201370. Hodges PW, Richardson CA. Delayed postural contraction of transversus abdominis in low back pain associated with movement ofthe lower limb. Journal ofSpinal Disorders 1998;11(1):46\u201356. Hodges PW, Cresswell A, Thorstensson A. Preparatory trunk motion accompanies rapid upper limb movement. Experimental Brain Research 1999;124(1):69\u201379. Hodges PW. Changes in motor planning of feedforward postural responses ofthe trunk muscles in low back pain. Experimental Brain Research 2001;141(2):261\u20136. Hides JA, Richardson CA, Jull GA. Multifidus muscle recovery is not automatic after resolution of acute, first-episode low back pain. Spine 1996;21(23):2763\u20139. O\u2019Sullivan PB, Twomey L, Allison G, Sinclair J, Miller K, Knox J. Altered patterns ofabdominal muscle activation in patients with chronic low back pain. Australian Journal ofPhysioth erapy 1997a;43(2):91\u20138. O\u2019Sullivan PB, Twomey L, Allison G, Taylor JR. Specific stabilising exercise in the treatment ofchronic low back pain with a clinical and radiological diagnosis oflumbar segmental \u2018instability\u2019. In: Proceedings ofManipulative Physiotherapists Association of Australia Tenth Biennial Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 1997b. p O\u2019Sullivan PB, Twomey LT, Allison GT. Evaluation ofspecific stabilizing exercise in the treatment ofchronic low back pain with radiologic diagnosis ofspondylolys is or spondylolisthesis. Spine 1997c;22(24):2959\u201367. O\u2019Sullivan PB, Twomey L, Allison GT. Altered abdominal muscle recruitment in patients with chronic back pain following a specific. exercise intervention. Journal. Urquhart DM et al. Manual Therapy 10(2005)", "Image XResolution": "37", "Image YResolution": "37", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Centimeter", "Image Software": "SlidePlayer", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered"}