<t>PCR</t> of genomic <t>DNA</t> and RT-PCR of RNA extracted from larvae and juvenile and mature male and female M. rosenbergii individuals. Genomic-based PCR indicates maleness, where no female specific marker was amplified. RT-PCR was applied for detection of Mr-IAG expression by using Mr-IAG specific primers and β -actin as positive control. (a) For adult male and female individuals, there is a correlation between the absence of the female specific marker and Mr-IAG expression. On the basis of this result, larvae and juveniles were defined as males according to the absence of the genomic sex marker (marked by arrows in Figure 2(b) ). (b) None of the individuals sampled at larval stages (zoeae 3, 6, 9, and 11) expressed Mr-IAG regardless of the presence or absence of the genomic sex marker. At PL 20 and onwards, all individuals identified as males according to absence of the female specific marker also expressed Mr-IAG .
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