Atmospheric CO 2 Ecosystem pH, Ca CO 3 Rain ratio Bio-calcificationFunctionalgroups Environment Biogeochemistry Surface ocean alkalinity Loop with even number of negative influences: positive feedback odd number of negative influences: negative feedback odd number of negative influences: negative feedback CO 2 -Calcification feedback negative influence positive influence Sign of change negative feedback (dampens initial perturbation) Sensitivity high Capacity low (6-30 Gt C until 2100 for 20-40% decrease) Longevity permanent vs.
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